History of opening sequences

History of Opening sequences

Since the invention of the cinematograph, simple title cards were used at the start and end of silent film presentations in order to identify both the film and the production company involved, and to act as a signal that the film had started and then finished. In silent cinema title cards were used throughout to present dialogue and plot and it is in some of these early short films that we see the first examples of title sequences themselves, being quite literally a series of title cards shown at the beginning of a film. The arrival of sound did little to alter the convention except that the sequence was usually accompanied by a music.

This remained the convention for many years until the introduction of television forced the major film studios to invest in developing cinema in order to win back a diminishing audience. The "cast of thousands" epics shot on various patent widescreen formats were a direct response to television's successful invasion of the leisure marketplace. 

Part of cinema's new important and expansive quality were orchestral musical preludes before the curtains opened and long title sequences which all designed to create a sense of excitement and it was hoped television would be unable to compete with. As cinema's title sequences grew longer we begin to see the involvement of graphic design such as Saul Bass, which directly influenced the 1960s television predilection for creating strong graphics-led sequences for many shows.

Film-Makers at the beginning of the 21st century have many options open regarding title sequences. Some films superimpose opening credits over the opening scenes, while others elect to do away with titles entirely, instead including present title sequences at the end of the movie.

Due to the commercial environment of television broadcasting, most series have regular and identifiable title sequences.

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The two images shown are of title sequences of the 1930s which show that the actors names were presented big and bold to grasp the audience.